Showing posts with label Censorship. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Censorship. Show all posts

Sunday, March 18, 2012

Evading Censorship: The Lifeblood of a Proxy-Service Provider

An urban myth exists that only criminals use proxy services. Certainly, there is a criminal facet, but according to USA statutes and United Nations' declarations, we have the right to access media on our own terms.

This environment has fostered companies to offer services that allow end users to circumvent censorship controls. As I pointed out in my previous post, a significant number of countries forbid and restrict the rights of free speech and access to media.


Without proxy-service providers, access to information is tightly controlled by restrictive governments, organizations, and companies. Proxy sites grant their customers (end users) varying degrees of anonymity, depending on end-user needs and capabilities of a proxy-service provider. For example, within an autocratic regime, an end user would need total anonymity to avoid persecution. Similarly, those living in crime-ridden regions can protect their identities and account information via a proxy account. Then, even well-meaning governments put controls in place that restrict access to information. Proxies circumvent such controls.

Living in Australia, I miss my favorite TV shows and radio stations from the USA. Digital-rights management (DRM), the annoying recording-industry associations, and the US government do their best to restrict access to my favorites because I'm outside the USA's borders. If I had access to a proxy service, I could watch and listen to those favorites because the proxy site would protect my identity. They do this by hiding my IP address and related info and forwarding one of their own IP addresses (which, in this case, would be a US IP address; thus, it would appear I was in the USA).

Proxy.org ( https://proxy.org/ ) presents a very good overview, along with details and recommendations, regarding proxy services. I highly recommend that you visit their site, particularly if you are enduring restrictions to free speach and access to media. You can find help via the information at this site.

Although recommended by Proxy.org, a service provider by the name of Proxify.com declined my request for an interview. Here are the interview questions, in the hopes that a proxy-service provider would like to step in and answer them. The answers could prove helpful to those in need or just interested about these purveyors of free speach and media access. My thanks to David Weir as I folowed his interview-question format and flow.

This interview comes on the heels of PayPal’s recent attempt to suppress the distribution of certain types of erotica. I am asking for views on the attempts to restrict access to media and what impact it would have on those offering proxy services.

1.      When did you first come up with the idea of offering proxy services, what was your motivation, and what were the results?

2.      Can you quantify your current success for us?


4.      Similarly, how much feedback do you get from your company's critics? What is your sense of who they are?

5.      How is your company/organization protected from pressures brought on by governments? What measures and controls are in place to prevent such an entity from gaining access to your customer list and data?

6.      Reporters without Borders compiles an annual index of countries and their positions and actions regarding free speech, access to media, and censorship controls. What are the opportunities your organization's services? What are the challenges and barriers to success?  

7.      There are governments that will imprison and/or murder their citizens who attempt to circumvent government censorship controls. What tensions and motivators must exist for someone living in such a country to subscribe to your site?

8.      Are there any differences in offerings and/or design that distinguish you from your competitors?

9.      What are the most common metrics among your customers and their circumstances?

10.   What advice do you have for those considering subscribing to a proxy service? With the ever-present fear of government intervention and retaliation, how do you get the word out about proxy services to those with restricted access to media? How successful have you been in reaching out to this market?

11.   Can you walk us through the recent crackdown attempt on access to media by Pakistan's democratically-elected government?

12.   With the plethora of works protected by digital-rights management (DRM) and country- and regional-controls, why should proxy services be protected and allowed to thrive?

13.   What does research tell you about censorship trends?

14.   Censorship is a "slippery slope." What are the ramifications for a government, institution, or company that endorses censorship and denies access to media?

15.   Pakistan's government has advertised that it wants to implement a filtering and blocking platform that can restrict access to 50 million URLs at a time. What does this capability mean for the future of proxy-service providers?

16.   What are your company's greatest challenges and how do you plan to address them?

Thank you for your time and for sharing your thoughts with my blog's readers.
With kind regards,
LC Cooper

Friday, March 9, 2012

PayPal's Censorship Issue: Where are the Letters to eBay & Amazon?

PayPal missed out on a great press opportunity by neglecting to send eBay (its parent), Amazon, and Books-A-Million the same letter of demands it sent to Smashwords. I'm guessing PayPal doesn't have the cajones and deep-enough pockets. Besides, Amazon could crush PayPal like a grape. So, instead of getting beaten to pulp, PayPal bullies the smaller players?

I targeted eBay, Amazon, and Books-A-Million because it appeared they aren't downstream recipients of book and ebook metadata from other sources. I'm certain there are others, but these provide a good enough sample of the marketplace for titles containing legal fiction that PayPal finds objectionable.

Here's the scoop (as of 08 March 2012):

Amazon had 17,240 titles that had objectionable / forbidden text in their listing. Of these, 9,325 were works of fiction.

eBay had 1,621 titles with objectionable text in their listings. Of these, 276 are listed as fiction.

Books-A-Million had 1,393, with 164 were fiction.

Smashwords' numbers were minor, and BookStrand and eXcessica had already caved to PayPal's demands, as they didn't have any listings containing the objectionable words.

It's all in the data below. I'd be glad to provide the Excel spreadsheet to warranted parties. Just let me know.


 eBayAmazonBooks-A-MillionSmashwordsBookStrand.comeXcessica
  Books, as Percent   Books, as Percent   Books, as Percent   Books, as Percent   Books, as Percent   Books, as Percent  
ObjectionableTotal Booksof ListingsFiction Total Booksof ListingsFiction Total Booksof ListingsFiction Total Booksof ListingsFiction Total Booksof ListingsFiction Total Booksof ListingsFiction 
or BannedListed UsingContainingand Listed UsingContainingand Listed UsingContainingand Listed UsingContainingand Listed UsingContainingand Listed UsingContainingand 
KeywordKeywordKeywordLiteratureNon-FictionKeywordKeywordLiteratureNon-FictionKeywordKeywordLiteratureNon-FictionKeywordKeywordLiteratureNon-FictionKeywordKeywordLiteratureNon-FictionKeywordKeywordLiteratureNon-Fiction
bestiality913%1813265%4587583%0523100%UnknownUnknown0N/A000N/A00
incest36383%343293,27586%1,6761,59924698%31215>10100%UnknownUnknown0N/A000N/A00
rape1,16349%1288177,14055%1,7755,3651,03497%115919>10100%UnknownUnknown0N/A002100%20
pedophile1319%6746472%9836628100%52337100%UnknownUnknown0N/A000N/A00
BDSM736%57166,22962%5,7314988599%1372>10100%UnknownUnknown847100%847086100%860
TOTALS1,62138%2261,17717,24062%9,3257,9151,39397%1641,265>60100%UnknownUnknown847100%847088100%880

Wednesday, March 7, 2012

PayPal's Censorship: It Gets Uglier

Did you know that eBay promotes a members-only site entitled, "The Novel Network?" It's a direct competitor of Smashwords. In exchange for a $49 "lifetime" access fee, members are allowed to download over 3 million titles in any quantity they want at any time, for supposedly no extra charge. How does this tie to the PayPal-censorship issue?
The connection: eBay bought a company a year or so ago that received venture capital from Alta Partners. "The Novel Network" is, according to Hoovers.com, owned by Alta Partners.

So, here's my interpretation of the PayPal v. Smashwords mess, which is nothing more than a new twist on an ageless predatory competitive practice.
As Amazon/Kindle's Preferred program appears designed to restrict competition, this eBay/PayPal venture is quite similar in outcomes.

As I said, "The Novel Network" is a direct competitor of Smashwords. eBay provides a link to "The Novel Network," as a sponsor feature. However, instead of including the direct link of http://www.thenovelnetwork.com/ , it's listed as www.burubookr.web99.eu/ . Seems peculiar ...

Another point: It's against card-association rules for PayPal, as a transaction processor, to reject transactions from a merchant, in this instance, unless the merchant has been classified as "high risk." So, if PayPal can provide proof to the card associations (Visa, MasterCard, AmEx, et al.) that Smashwords is non-compliant regarding banned content, then if PayPal were to push the case and win, the result can effectively change Smashwords' network classification to "high risk"; effectively cutting off Smashwords from access to the networks and its card-carrying customers. The end result - Smashwords would be limited to closed networks, checks, and cash payment methods. With its global presence, such a consequence would likely ruin Smashwords. Crippling Smashwords opens the door for "The Novel Network" to entice and assimilate Smashwords' authors, readers, and titles.

Then, get a load of "The Novel Network's" disclaimer! It absolves itself of any blame related to content (imagine that!). Here's a direct quote from the relevant portion of its Terms, Conditions, and Legal Matters:
"THE SITE, AND THE CONTENTS THEREIN, ARE PROVIDED "AS IS" AND "AS AVAILABLE," AND ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, ARE DISCLAIMED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, QUIET ENJOYMENT, NON-INFRINGEMENT AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. WE ARE NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR DAMAGE OR LOSS CAUSED BY ERRORS OF THE SITE, CONTENT ON THE SITE OR THE INTERNET. The Novel Network DOES NOT EXERCISE CONTROL OVER ANY THIRD PARTIES THAT PROVIDE CONTENT TO THE SITE AND THEREFORE PROVIDES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES REGARDING SAME." (http://thenovelnetwork.com/legal.html)
So, "The Novel Network" sidesteps the matter, taking no ownership in the event banned content may appear on its site? eBay and PayPal endorse this position?  Well, if so, the solution for Smashwords is quite simple: Just add a sentence in its disclaimer that is identical to the one within "The Novel Network."
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